Antibiotic Use Impacts Colorectal Cancer: A Double-Edged Sword by Tumor Location?
Menée à l'aide de données 2005-2016 d'un registre national portant sur 202 720 témoins et sur 40 545 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal, cette étude analyse l'association entre l'utilisation d'antibiotiques et le risque de cancer colorectal, en fonction du site tumoral
Antibiotic overprescribing and misuse remain prominent clinical practice issues worldwide, particularly in the outpatient setting. In Europe and the United States, approximately 90% of antibiotic prescriptions are issued in the outpatient setting with approximately 30% deemed unnecessary or inappropriate (1,2). Antibiotic overuse promotes antimicrobial resistance and Clostridioides difficile infection. Further, even narrow spectrum or short-course antibiotic use exerts strong, long-lasting effects on the composition, structure, and function of the gut microbiota (3,4). This may increase susceptibility, possibly through initiation of local and systemic inflammation, to chronic diseases including asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and cancer (5). Thus, understanding if and how antibiotics impact disease expression is of high interest and public health impact.