DNA methylation in ductal carcinoma in situ of the Breast
Cet article passe en revue les perspectives offertes par la mesure de la méthylation de l'ADN de divers gènes pour estimer la probabilité qu'un carcinome canalaire in situ évolue en carcinome invasif
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-obligate precursor lesion of invasive carcinoma of the breast. Current prognostic markers based on histopathological examination are unable to accurately predict which DCIS cases will progress to invasive carcinoma or recur after surgical excision. Epigenetic changes have been shown to be a significant driver of tumorigenesis with DNA methylation of specific gene promoters providing predictive and prognostic markers in many types of cancer including invasive breast cancer. In general, the spectrum of genes that are methylated in DCIS strongly resembles that seen in invasive ductal carcinoma. The identification of specific prognostic markers in DCIS remains elusive and awaits more intensive work investigating a large panel of methylatable genes using sensitive and reproducible technologies. This review critically appraises the role of methylation in DCIS and its use as a biomarker.
Breast Cancer Research , résumé, 2012