Parental tobacco and alcohol use and risk of hepatoblastoma in offspring: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Menée auprès de 383 cas et de 387 témoins, cette étude américaine évalue l'association entre le tabagisme parental et la consommation d'alcool de la mère avant et pendant la grossesse et le risque d'hépatoblastome chez l'enfant
Background. Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare pediatric liver tumor that has significantly increased in incidence over the last several decades. The International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC) recently classified HB as a tobacco-related cancer. Parental alcohol use has shown no association. We examined associations between parental tobacco and alcohol use around the time of pregnancy and HB in a large case-control study. Methods. Maternal interviews were completed for 383 cases diagnosed in the U.S. during 2000-2008. Controls (n=387) were identified through U.S. birth registries and frequency-matched to cases on birth weight, birth year, and region of residence. We employed unconditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between parental smoking and maternal drinking and offspring HB. Results. We found no association between HB and maternal smoking at any time (OR=1.0; 95% CI=0.7-1.4), within the year before pregnancy (OR=1.1; 95% CI=0.8-1.6), early in pregnancy (OR=1.0; 95% CI=0.7-1.6), or throughout pregnancy (OR=0.9; 95% CI=0.5-1.6). We observed marginally positive associations between HB and paternal smoking in the year before pregnancy (OR=1.4; 95% CI=1.0-2.0) and during pregnancy (OR=1.4; 95% CI=0.9-2.0). Maternal alcohol use was not associated with HB. Conclusion. Our results do not provide evidence for an etiological relationship between maternal smoking or drinking and HB, and only weak evidence for an association for paternal smoking in the year before pregnancy. Impact. Our study provides limited support for HB as a tobacco-related cancer; however, it remains wise to counsel prospective parents on the merits of smoking cessation.