Common genetic variants in epigenetic machinery genes and risk of upper gastrointestinal cancers
Menée en Chine à partir de données portant sur 1 942 patients atteints d'un carcinome épidermoïde de l'oesophage et 1 758 patients atteints d'un cancer gastrique, cette étude évalue l'association entre des variants de 192 gènes impliqués dans le remodelage de la chromatine, dans la méthylation de l'ADN et dans la biosynthèse des micro-ARNs et le risque de cancers des voies gastrointestinales supérieures
Background: Populations in north central China are at high risk for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and gastric cancer (GC), and genetic variation in epigenetic machinery genes and pathways may contribute to this risk. Methods: We used the adaptive multilocus joint test to analyse 192 epigenetic genes involved in chromatin remodelling, DNA methylation and microRNA biosynthesis in 1942 ESCC and 1758 GC cases [1126 cardia (GCA) and 632 non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA)] and 2111 controls with Chinese ancestry. We examined potential function of risk alleles using in silico and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) analyses. Results: Suggestive pathway-based associations were observed for the overall epigenetic (P-valuePATH = 0.034) and chromatin remodelling (P-valuePATH = 0.039) pathways with risk of GCA, but not GC, GNCA or ESCC. Overall, 37 different epigenetic machinery genes were associated with risk of one or more upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer sites (P-valueGENE < 0.05), including 14 chromatin remodelling genes whose products are involved in the regulation of HOX genes. We identified a gastric eQTL (rs12724079; rho = 0.37; P = 0.0006) which regulates mRNA expression of ASH1L. Several suggestive eQTLs were also found in oesophageal (rs10898459 in EED), gastric cardia (rs7157322 in DICER1; rs8179271 in ASH1L), and gastric non-cardia (rs1790733 in PPP1CA) tissues. Conclusions: Results of our analyses provide limited but suggestive evidence for a role of epigenetic gene variation in the aetiology of UGI cancer.