Prostate cancer screening : Time to question how to optimize the ratio of benefits and harms
Menée à partir de l'analyse des données d'un essai européen (environ 184 000 hommes âgés de 55 à 69 ans) et d'un essai américain (environ 155 000 hommes âgés de 55 à 74 ans) dont les résultats observés sont contradictoires, cette étude évalue les effets d'un dépistage du cancer de la prostate par test du PSA sur la mortalité spécifique relative
Screening for prostate cancer with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing has been widespread in the United States since the late 1980s. Remarkably, it was not until 2009 that good evidence was published on the effectiveness of PSA screening, when the results of the PLCO (Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial) and the ERSPC (European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer) appeared together in the New England Journal of Medicine (1, 2). Their findings seemed contradictory: The PLCO found low rates of prostate cancer death that did not differ significantly between groups (1), whereas the ERSPC suggested that screening reduced prostate cancer mortality by 20% (2).
Annals of Internal Medicine , commentaire, 2016