Static lung hyperinflation is an independent risk factor for lung cancer in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Menée en Espagne à partir de données portant sur 848 patients atteints d'une maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique, cette étude évalue l'association entre une distension pulmonaire statique et le risque de cancer du poumon (période de suivi : 2 858 personnes-années)
Introduction : Static hyperinflation, a hallmark characteristic of some patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is related to higher mortality and cardiovascular morbidity. However, information about its association with lung cancer is scarce. Our aim was to evaluate whether static hyperinflation is associated with future risk of lung cancer in COPD patients. Methods : A cohort of 848 COPD patients recruited outside the hospital setting was monitored for an average period of 4.3 years, totaling 2,858 person-years, regarding diagnosis of cancer of any origin or lung cancer. Static hyperinflation was defined by functional residual capacity measured by plethysmography greater than 120% of the predicted value. Results : The incidence rates for cancer of any origin and lung cancer were 16.0 (95%CI, 15.1-17.8) and 8.7 (95%CI, 7.7-9.8) per 1000 patient-years, respectively. Among the patients with lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer predominated (88%). In a stepwise multivariate Cox regression model, body mass index (BMI), pack-years, Charlson index, and postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio were retained as independent predictors of cancer of any origin. In contrast, features associated with a future risk of lung cancer included older age, low BMI, increased pack-years and presence of static hyperinflation (adjusted hazard ratio: 4.617, 95%CI: 1.007-21.172, p = 0.049). Conclusion : In a general COPD outpatient population, static hyperinflation is an independent risk factor for the development of lung cancer, which might contribute towards justifying the excess mortality identified in COPD patients with hyperinflation.
Lung Cancer 2018