Periodontal pathogens are a risk factor of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, independent of tobacco and alcohol and human papillomavirus
Menée sur 18 patients atteints d'un cancer épidermoïde de la cavité buccale, sur 8 patients présentant des lésions pré-malignes et sur 12 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le microbiome buccal, la présence de pathogènes parodontaux et le risque de développer la maladie, en l'absence de pratique tabagique et d'infection par le papillomavirus humain
Over the past decade, there has been a change in the epidemiology of oral cavity squamous cell cancer (OC-SCC). Many new cases of OC-SCC lack the recognized risk factors of smoking, alcohol and human papilloma virus. The aim of this study was to determine if the oral microbiome may be associated with OC-SCC in nonsmoking HPV negative patients. We compared the oral microbiome of HPV-negative nonsmoker OC-SCC( n=18), premalignant lesions(PML) (n=8) and normal control patients (n=12). Their oral microbiome was sampled by oral wash and defined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We report that the periodontal pathogens Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Alloprevotella were enriched while commensal Streptococcus depleted in OC-SCC. Based on the four genera plus a marker genus Veillonella for PML, we classified the oral microbiome into two types. Gene/pathway analysis revealed a progressive increase of genes encoding HSP90 and ligands for TLRs 1, 2 and 4 along the controls→PML→OC-SCC progression sequence. Our findings suggest an association between periodontal pathogens and OC-SCC in non smoking HPV negative patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.