Interventions to Enhance Self-Efficacy in Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (79 essais randomisés, 8 678 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue l'efficacité d'interventions psychologiques destinées à développer, chez des patients atteints d'un cancer, la confiance en leurs capacités pour améliorer leurs comportements de santé
Objective : Self‐efficacy expectations are associated with improvements in problematic outcomes widely considered clinically significant (i.e., emotional distress, fatigue, pain), related to positive health behaviors, and, as a type of personal agency, inherently valuable. Self‐efficacy expectancies, estimates of confidence to execute behaviors, are important in that changes in self‐efficacy expectations are positively related to future behaviors that promote health and well‐being. The current meta‐analysis investigated the impact of psychological interventions on self‐efficacy expectations for a variety of health behaviors among cancer patients. Methods : Ovid Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched with specific search terms for identifying randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that focused on psychologically‐based interventions. Included studies had: 1) an adult cancer sample, 2) a self‐efficacy expectation measure of specific behaviors and 3) an RCT design. Standard screening and reliability procedures were used for selecting and coding studies. Coding included theoretically informed moderator variables. Results : Across 79 RCTs, 223 effect sizes, and 8678 participants, the weighted average effect of self‐efficacy expectations was estimated as g=0.274 (p<.001). Consistent with Self‐Efficacy Theory, the average effect for in‐person intervention delivery (g=0.329) was significantly greater than for all other formats (g=0.154, p=.023; e.g., audiovisual, print, telephone, web/internet). Conclusions : The results establish the impact of psychological interventions on self‐efficacy expectations as comparable in effect size to commonly reported outcomes (distress, fatigue, pain). Additionally, the result that in‐person interventions achieved the largest effect is supported by Social Learning Theory and could inform research related to the development and evaluation of interventions.
Psycho-Oncology 2019