Blood pressure and risk of cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
A partir des données de la cohorte européenne EPIC portant sur 307 318 personnes (63,4% de femmes ; âge moyen : 52,5 ans ; durée moyenne de suivi : 13,7 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre la pression artérielle systolique ou diastolique et le risque de cancer en fonction de la localisation (39 298 cas)
Several studies have reported associations of hypertension with cancer, but not all results were conclusive. We examined the association of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure with the development of incident cancer at all anatomical sites in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence intervals) were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, stratified by EPIC-participating centre and age at recruitment, and adjusted for sex, education, smoking, body mass index, physical activity, diabetes and dietary (in women also reproductive) factors. The study included 307,318 men and women, with an average follow-up of 13.7 (standard deviation 4.4) years and 39,298 incident cancers. We confirmed the expected positive association with renal cell carcinoma: HR=1.12 (1.08-1.17) per 10mmHg higher SBP and HR=1.23 (1.14-1.32) for DBP. We additionally found positive associations for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC): HR=1.16 (1.07-1.26) (SBP), HR=1.31 (1.13-1.51) (DBP), weaker for head and neck cancers: HR=1.08 (1.04-1.12) (SBP), HR=1.09 (1.01-1.17) (DBP) and, similarly, for skin SCC, colon cancer, post-menopausal breast cancer and uterine adenocarcinoma (AC), but not for esophageal AC, lung SCC, lung AC, or uterine endometroid cancer. We observed weak inverse associations of SBP with cervical SCC: HR=0.91 (0.82-1.00) and lymphomas: HR=0.97 (0.93-1.00). There were no consistent associations with cancers in other locations. Our results are largely compatible with published studies and support weak associations of blood pressure with cancers in specific locations and morphologies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.