Gemcitabine plus carboplatin versus gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin in cisplatin-unfit patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma: a randomised phase II study (COACH, KCSG GU10-16)
Mené sur 80 patients atteints d'un carcinome urothélial de stade avancé et inéligibles à un traitement par cisplatine, cet essai de phase II compare l'efficacité, du point de vue du taux de réponse objective, de la survie sans progression et de la survie globale, et la toxicité d'une chimiothérapie de première ligne par gemcitabine et carboplatine et d'une chimiothérapie par gemcitabine et oxaliplatine (durée médiane de suivi : 37,8 mois)
Purpose : Gemcitabine–oxaliplatin (GEMOX) demonstrated mild toxicity and promising effectiveness in patients with advanced urothelial cell cancer (UCC). We investigated the activity and safety of first-line GEMOX compared with gemcitabine–carboplatin (GCb) in cisplatin-ineligible patients with advanced UCC. Methods : Treatment-naive, cisplatin-ineligible patients with advanced UCC were randomly assigned to GEMOX (gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2, oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 on day 1 [D1] every 2 weeks) or GCb (1000 mg/m2 of gemcitabine on D1 and D8 and carboplatin area under the curve of 4.5 mg/mL/min on D1 every 3 weeks). We evaluated the objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Results : Between January 2011 and March 2017, 80 patients were enrolled; 39 and 40 patients were allocated to GCb and GEMOX arms, respectively. The ORR was 48.7% in the GCb arm and 55.0% in the GEMOX arm. The median follow-up duration was 37.8 months; the median PFS and OS in the GCb and GEMOX arms were 5.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.8–6.2) vs. 4.4 months (95% CI, 2.7–6.1) and 9.1 months (95% CI, 5.2–13.0) vs. 11.0 months (95% CI, 6.9–15.0), respectively. Math EqLeucopenia, neutropenia and fatigue of Math Eq grade III were significantly more common in the GCb arm (26% vs. 3%, P = 0.003; 33% vs. 10%, P = 0.014; 15% vs. 3%, P = 0.012), whereas any-grade neuropathy was more common in the GEMOX arm (8% vs. 60%). Conclusions : GEMOX showed similar efficacy with GCb and a favourable haematologic toxicity profile. GEMOX may be an additional chemotherapy option for patients with UCC ineligible for cisplatin-containing chemotherapy (NCT01487915).