Fitness and prostate cancer screening, incidence, and mortality: Results from the Henry Ford Exercise Testing (FIT) Project
Menée à partir de données portant sur 22 827 hommes (âge : 40 à 70 ans ; durée médiane de suivi : 7,5 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre le niveau d'activité cardiorespiratoire, mesuré en équivalent métabolique, et le fait de bénéficier d'un test de dépistage du cancer de la prostate par dosage du PSA, le risque de cancer de la prostate et le risque de décès après le diagnostic de la maladie
Background : The relation between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and prostate cancer is not well established. The objective of this study was to determine whether CRF is associated with prostate cancer screening, incidence, or mortality. Methods : The Henry Ford Exercise Testing Project is a retrospective cohort study of men aged 40 to 70 years without cancer who underwent physician‐referred exercise stress testing from 1995 to 2009. CRF was quantified in metabolic equivalents of task (METs) (<6 [reference], 6‐9, 10‐11, and ≥12 METs), estimated from the peak workload achieved during a symptom‐limited, maximal exercise stress test. Prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) testing, incident prostate cancer, and all‐cause mortality were analyzed with multivariable adjusted Poisson regression and Cox proportional hazard models. Results : In total, 22,827 men were included, of whom 739 developed prostate cancer, with a median follow‐up of 7.5 years. Men who had high fitness (≥12 METs) had an 28% higher risk of PSA screening (95% CI, 1.2‐1.3) compared with those who had low fitness (<6 METs. After adjusting for PSA screening, fitness was associated with higher prostate cancer incidence (men aged <55 years, P = .02; men aged >55 years, P ≤ .01), but not with advanced prostate cancer. Among the men who were diagnosed with prostate cancer, high fitness was associated with a 60% lower risk of all‐cause mortality (95% CI, 0.2‐0.9). Conclusions : Although men with high fitness are more likely to undergo PSA screening, this does not fully account for the increased incidence of prostate cancer seen among these individuals. However, men with high fitness have a lower risk of death after a prostate cancer diagnosis, suggesting that the cancers identified may be low‐risk with little impact on long‐term outcomes.
Cancer 2021