Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid for cancer prevention considering risk factors: A retrospective cohort study
Menée à partir de données portant sur 118 548 personnes âgées d'au moins 50 ans, cette étude analyse l'association entre une utilisation d'aspirine, la présence de facteurs de risque (surpoids, tabagisme, consommation d'alcool, diabète) et le risque de cancer (4 003 cas)
Background: Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) has been reported to protect against certain cancers. However, patient-related risk factors may moderate protective effects, including excess weight, smoking, risky alcohol use, and diabetes. We explore the cancer-risk relationship between aspirin intake and those four factors. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of cancers, aspirin intake, and four risk factors in persons aged ≥50 years. Participants received medication 2007-2016, and cancers were diagnosed 2012-2016. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated for aspirin intake and risk factors using Cox proportional hazard modelling. Results: Of 118,548 participants, 15,793 consumed aspirin, and 4,003 had cancer. Results indicated a significant protective effect of aspirin against colorectal (aHR: 0.7; 95%CI: 0.6-0.8), pancreatic (aHR: 0.5; 95%CI: 0.2-0.9), prostate (aHR: 0.6; 95%CI: 0.5-0.7) cancers and lymphomas (aHR: 0.5; 95%CI: 0.2-0.9), and also, although not significantly, against oesophageal (aHR: 0.5; 95%CI: 0.2-1.8), stomach (aHR: 0.7; 95%CI: 0.4-1.3), liver (aHR: 0.7; 95%CI: 0.3-1.5), breast (aHR: 0.8; 95%CI: 0.6-1.0), and lung and bronchial (aHR: 0.9; 95%CI: 0.7-1.2) cancers. Aspirin intake was not significantly protective against leukaemia (aHR: 1.0; 95%CI: 0.7-1.4) or bladder cancer (aHR: 1.0; 95%CI: 0.8-1.3). Conclusions: Our results suggest that aspirin intake is associated with a reduced incidence of colorectal, pancreatic, and prostate cancers and lymphomas.