Dietary insulin indices and low-carbohydrate diet and the odds of colorectal cancer: a case-control study
Menée par questionnaire auprès de 300 témoins et 150 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal, cette étude analyse l'association entre un régime pauvre en glucides, l'indice insulinique et le risque de développer la maladie
Background: Regarding the role of insulin and insulin-inducing dietary factors in some cancers’ etiology, we hypothesized that the risk of colorectal cancer may be lessened by following a lower carbohydrate and insulinogenic diet. Therefore, we performed this study to explore the association between a low-carbohydrate diet and insulin indices and the odds of colorectal cancer. Method: This hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 150 newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients and 300 healthy age- and sex-matched hospitalized controls. A valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate the insulin indices and low-carbohydrate diet score. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the association between insulin indices and low-carbohydrate diet and the odds of colorectal cancer. Result: After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals in the highest tertile of insulin indices had a higher risk of colorectal cancer (ORinsulin index = 3.46; 95% CI, 2.00–5.96; ORinsulin load = 2; 95% CI, 1.17–3.41). No association was found between a low-carbohydrate diet and colorectal cancer (OR = 1.55; 95% CI, 0.85–2.84). Conclusion: Current results demonstrated that a high insulinemic diet was associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer.