Associations Between Obesity and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en novembre 2023 (22 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre l'obésité et le risque de cancer de la thyroïde
Previous cohort studies have shown conflicting findings on the associations between obesity and the risk of thyroid cancer. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the associations between them by using a meta-analysis of cohort studies. PubMed and EMBASE were searched using keywords from inception until November 2023 to identify relevant studies on this topic. Two authors independently reviewed and selected relevant studies according to the predefined criteria. Out of 475 studies searched from the databases, a total of 22 cohort studies were included in the final analysis. In a random-effects meta-analysis, obesity was significantly associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer [odds ratio (OR), relative risk (RR), or hazard ratio (HR) = 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24???1.43]. Obesity was consistently associated with the increased risk of thyroid cancer in the subgroup meta-analyses by various factors such as study type (prospective or retrospective cohort study), gender (male or female), continent (America, Europe, or Asia), and study quality (high or low). This meta-analysis of cohort studies suggests that obesity increases the risk of thyroid cancer. The current comprehensive meta-analysis of 22 cohort studies reports that obesity increases the risk of thyroid cancer. However, academic societies describe that preventing most thyroid cancer cases is impossible because most patients with thyroid cancer have no known risk factors. Based on our findings, overweight and obesity should be included in the risk of thyroid cancer, and achieving and maintaining a healthy weight should be considered as one of the preventive measures of thyroid cancer.