Association between HIV and cancer risk: a nationwide, population-based cohort study
Menée à l'aide de données coréennes portant sur 89 881 témoins et 20 703 personnes infectées par le VIH, cette étude analyse le risque de cancer lié à cette infection par rapport à la population générale
Objective: We aimed to examine whether people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (PLWH) show different cancer incidences compared to individuals without HIV infection in South Korea.
Design: Population-based cohort study.
Methods: This study included all PLWH diagnosed with HIV infections in South Korea between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2017. The 2017 PLWH number includes both new and previous HIV diagnoses. The prevalence of newly diagnosed acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining cancers (ADCs) and non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) were evaluated from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022, as endpoints.
Results: Following 1:5 propensity score matching, 20,703 PLWH and 89,881 controls were included. The incidence rate of ADCs was 165.9 per 100,000 person-years in PLWH and 51.8 per 100,000 person-years in the controls. In the Cox regression analysis, PLWH had a 3.17-fold higher incidence of ADCs than in the controls (hazard ratio: 3.17, 95% confidence interval: 2.60, 3.86; P < 0.001). The incidence rate of NADCs was 1,614 per 100,000 person-years in PLWH and 1,888 per 100,000 person-years in the controls. In the Cox regression analysis, no significant difference was observed in the incidence of NADCs between PLWH and the control group (P = 0.101). However, PLWH showed a higher incidence of NADCs than in the controls for nasopharyngeal, anal, and non-melanoma skin cancers; Hodgkin lymphoma; and, leukemia.
Conclusion: PLWH had a greater risk of ADCs than individuals without HIV infection. Among the NADCs, PLWH showed a greater risk of nasopharyngeal, anal, non-melanoma skin cancers; Hodgkin lymphoma; and, leukemia.
AIDS , résumé 2025