Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 differentially affect the tumor microenvironment and response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy
Menée à l'aide de lignées cellulaires de cancer mammaire, d'un modèle murin et de données génétiques du projet "The Cancer Genome Atlas", cette étude démontre que les mutations au niveau des gènes BRCA1 et BRCA2 affectent différemment le microenvironnement tumoral et la réponse des cellules cancéreuses aux inhibiteurs de point de contrôle immunitaire
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has improved outcomes for patients with advanced cancer, but the determinants of response remain poorly understood. Here we report differential effects of mutations in the homologous recombination genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 on response to ICB in mouse and human tumors, and further show that truncating mutations in BRCA2 are associated with superior response compared to those in BRCA1. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 result in distinct mutational landscapes and differentially modulate the tumor-immune microenvironment, with gene expression programs related to both adaptive and innate immunity enriched in BRCA2-deficient tumors. Single-cell RNA sequencing further revealed distinct T-cell, natural killer, macrophage and dendritic cell populations enriched in BRCA2-deficient tumors. Taken together, our findings reveal the divergent effects of BRCA1 and BRCA2 deficiency on ICB outcome and have important implications for elucidating the genetic and microenvironmental determinants of response to immunotherapy.
Nature Cancer 2020